The field that marked this ambiguous period was that of popular music. As an answer to immigration and urbanism, poverty and state suppression, popular song with a multitude of important singers-creators, such as S. Kazatzidis, Μ. Chiotis, G. Bithikotsis, V. Tsitsanis etc., records with honesty the difficult everyday life of that period. In the field of music, influential persons were M. Chatzidakis with his various activities (his lecture on "rebetika" was a milestone), the "Helleniko Chorodrama" of R. Manou and the performances of important artists, such as D. Mitropoulos (directing the state orchestra) and Μ. Kallas (opera).

Cultural institutions that took active action (Goethe Institute, Hellenic American Union, French Institute etc.) and mainly institutions, like the Athens Festival (1955) and Epidavria (1956), would assemble the avant-garde of Greek and foreign creators. Commercial theatre flourished, its most prominent form being the variety theatre, whereas organizations like Theatro Technis of K. Koun marked the entry into a new age for Greek drama. However, cinema proved to be the attraction for the wider public, since this was a period of development. With few exceptions (for example N. Koundouros, M. Kakogiannis), comedy and melodrama dominated completely using established actors and scripts from the commercial theatre.