The period 1025-1081 was critical for the Byzantine Empire. The emperors that ascended to the throne in this period were not of the calibre of Basil II. Whether they lacked the practical or the spiritual qualifications to become the all-powerful, charismatic leaders which the mighty Byzantine Empire needed at the beginning of the 11th century isn't clear. The economic and social crisis peaked, leading to a gradual change in military and social organization. This was the beginning of a decline. In 1025, the borders of the Empire were secure and far-reaching after the long struggles of the previous years. In the course of the 11th century. howver, the Empire waned and hostile raids increased. Byzantium's external enemies reappeared on all fronts, in the North as well as in the East and in Italy. Two events of upmost importance for European and Byzantine history occurred in the 11th century. They were the Schism between the Roman and the Eastern Church in 1054, and the defeat of the Byzantines in the battle of Mantzikert in 1071.