Athens: In the Acropolis, many Archaic architectural sculptures made of limestone , bearing a painted stucco were found. Although their destruction date has not been ascertained, it is probable not to be coincidental with the Persian pillage of the Acropolis, but to the removal -after the fall of tyranny (510 B.C.)- of the sculptures constructed during the times of Pisistratus. From the surviving sections of the pediments we can discern the Gorgon's head, two lions lacerating a bull, a three-bodied demon, the birth of Athena and the reception of Heracles at Olympus. These pediments -which are dated to the middle of the 6th century B.C.- most probably come from a hekatompedon temple, the foundations of which survive between Parthenon and Erechtheum. Around 520 B.C. they were replaced by marble sculptures, of which a statue of Athena and two giants from a representation of a gigantomachy survive. Undoubtedly, they are works of a great sculptor, who attempted to solve some of the problems presented by the figures, in energetic movement.


Delphi: The temple of Apollo in Delphi was built by the Alcmaeonidae family under contract from the sanctuary. Very few parts survive, among which there is a Nike in "kneeling" pose, which constituted the central acroterion of the east pediment. In that pediment the forms were in unconnected lined arrangement and were made of marble. At the west pediment, which was made of limestone, a representation of gigantomachy was depicted with the chariot of Zeus with four horses as a central theme. The use of Parian marble for the facade of the temple was an offer of the Alcmaeonidae to Apollo, which was not included in the preceding contract.
The sculptures from the treasury of the sanctuary present a special interest. From the treasury of the Siphnians a section of the east pediment, almost the whole of the frieze and parts of the two caryatids of the prostasis survive. The Siphnians had become rich thanks to the silver mines of the island and the treasury was the dekate (one tenth) of their wealth. The sculptures of that treasury -which is dated around 525 B.C.- constitute the apex of Archaic architectural sculpture and present a solution to the problem of displaying complex action scenes with many levels in a bas-relief. They must have been very impressive, since they were painted and bore some metal additions, mainly jewellery and weapons. The metopes of the treasury of the Athenians are more recent and more advanced in technique, in which the labours of Herakles and Theseus are represented.


Aegina: The great temple of Aphaia in Aegina was built around the end of the 6th century B.C. Its two pediments differ chronologically about a decade. However, the differences are quite intense, because during that period sculpture was developing at a rapid pace. On both pediments we can see scenes from a mythological battle (most probably the Greeks in Troy) with the dominating figure of Athena. One of the pediments has been attributed by some scholars to the local sculptor Onatas. Important progress is discerned in the representation of fallen and twisting forms, but at the same time many influences from bronze sculpture, such as clean lines, acute angles, clarity of details and metal fittings can be seen. These scuptures were purchased by Louis of Bavaria in 1811 and today are kept in Munich.



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